Transformer.



PATENTED NOV. 29, 1904.

W. L. WATERS. TRANSFORMER.

APPLICATION FILED we. 18. 1904.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

NO MODEL No. 776.001. PATENTED NOV. 29, 1904.

' W. L. WATERS. TRANSFORMER.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 18, 1904.

N0 IJLODEL: 2 SHEETS- SHEBT 2.

P I @IWZMW 95 ing the invention; and Fig. 2 is a vertical cross- UNITED STATES Patented November 29, 1904:.

PATENT OEEicE- WVILLIAM L. WATERS, OF MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN, ASSIG-NOR TO NATIONAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, OF MILWAUKEE, IVISOONSIN, A CORPORATION OF WVISOONSIN.

TRANSFORMER.

SPECIFICATIONforming part of Letters Patent N 0. 776,001, dated November 29, 1904.

Application filed August 18, 190 Serial No. 221,167. (No model.)

To (all whrmt it IH/LY/Z/ concern: I Be it known that I, WILLIAM L. VVATERs, a subject of the King of Great Britain, residing at Milwaukee, in the county of Milwaukee and State of l/Visconsin, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Transformers, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part thereof.

This invention relates particularly to socalled air-blast transformers; and its main objects are to provide for the circulation of air between the coils and around the core, so as to carry off the heat produced by the passage of electric currents through the coils in the operation of the transformer and keep the temperature below a safe limit and generally to simplify and improve the construction and operation of transformers of this class.

It consists in certain novel features of construction and in the peculiar arrangement and combinations of parts hereinafter particularly described, and specified in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings like letters designate the same parts in both figures.

Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section on the line 1 1, Fig. 2, of a transformer embodyseetion of the same on the line 2 2, Fig. 1.

The frame or housing of the transformer is preferably constructed, substantially as shown, of a cast-iron base a/ and top?) and an intermediate sheet-metal section 0, attached to the base and top by screws or other means. The base a is formed with an air-inlet duct or opening (Z and with a separate outlet duct or opening 0, preferably through the bottom, as shownin Fig. 1. The top 6 is provided with a removable cover f, bolted or otherwise secured thereto. The base and top are formed with corresponding inturned flanges and h and are connected and bound together by tiebolts The coils 1/, covered with suitable insulation, are arranged with vertical air spaces or passages it" between them, as shown in Fig. 2. They are surrounded by an insulating-casing l, which projects above and below them and communicates at its lower end with the inlet duct or opening (Z and at its upper end with the interior of the recessed top 1). The core 111, which is preferably laminated and made in two parts or sections, as shown in Fig. 1, passing through and surrounding the coils and the casing Z, is held between the flanges 7 and 71., being insulated therefrom by pieces 1) of wood.

The space between the sheet-metal section a of the housing and the core at is formed by a partition 0, winding around the core into a sinuous air-passage which communicates at its upper end through an opening 1) in the flange it with the space between the top 7) and the easing Z and at its lower end through an opening q with the space between the base a and said casing.

The construction and arrangement above described forms a system of air-passages which providefor the thorough ventilation of the transformer, air being forced by a fan or blower (not shown) upwardly through the opening d in the base and through the passages between and around the coils, thence downwardly in the space between the top 7) and the casing Z, through the opening 1), the sinuous passage around the core, the opening q into the base outside of said casing and out through the opening 0. In this way the continuous flow of air first upwardly between the coils, thence downwardly one or more times around the core, takes up and conducts off the heat developed in the coils and core and keeps their temperature below a safe limit while the transformer is in operation.

Various changes in minor details of construction and arrangement of parts may be made without affecting the principle or departing from the spirit and intended scope of the invention.

I claim 1. In a transformer the combination of coils arranged with vertical passages between them, a core surrounding said coils, a housing inclosing said coils and core and forming a winding passage around the core, and a casing having an air-inlet at the lower end and communicating at the top with the passage around the core, substantially as described.

2. In a transformer the combination of a housing having air inlet and outlet openings in its base, a core and coils within the housing, air-passages between the coils communicating with said intakeopening, and a winding air-passage around the core communicating at the upper end with the passages between the coils and at the lower end with said outletopening, substantially as described.

3. In atransi'ormer the combination of coils arranged with air-passages between them, a core surrounding said coils, a housing inclosing said coils and core and having air inlet and outlet openings in the base, the inlet-opening communicating with the passages between the coils, and a partition winding around the core and forming with it and with the housing, a sinuous air-passage which communicates at its lower end with said outlet-opening and at its upper end with the passages between the coils, substantially as described.

I. In a transformer the combination of a housing composed of a recessed top, a base having air inlet and outlet ducts opening through the bottom and an intermediate section connecting the top and base, a casing communicating at its lower end with the inlet-duct in the base and opening at its upper end into the recessed top, coils arranged in said casing with vertical air-passages between them, a core surrounding said casing within said intermediate section, and a partition winding around said core and forming with it and with said intermediate section, a sinuous passage which communicates at one end with the top of the housing and at the other end with the outlet-duct in the base, substantially as described.

5. In a transformer the combination of a housing composed of a base and top having inturned flanges with openings through them and of an intern'iediate connecting section, the

base having air inlet and outlet ducts, a casing communicating at its lower end with said inlet-duct and opening at its upper end into the top of the housing, coils arranged in said casing with vertical passages between them, a core surrounding said coils and easing between said inturned flanges, and a partition wimlingaround the core and forming with it and with the intermediate section of the housing a sinuous passage which communicates through the opening in the upper flange with the top of the housing and through the opening in the lower flange with the outlet-duct in the base, substantially as described.

In witness whereof I hereto aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

WILLIAM L. I/VATERS. \Vitnesses:

JOSEPH F. Klunnsiu', (Jrms. L. Goss. 

